Basic Data Types C++ HackerRank Solution
Some C++ data types, their format specifiers, and their most common bit widths are as follows:
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Int ("%d"): 32 Bit integer
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Long ("%ld"): 64 bit integer
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Char ("%c"): Character type
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Float ("%f"): 32 bit real value
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Double ("%lf"): 64 bit real value
Reading
To read a data type, use the following syntax:
scanf("`format_specifier`", &val)
For example, to read a character followed by a double:
char ch;
double d;
scanf("%c %lf", &ch, &d);
For the moment, we can ignore the spacing between format specifiers.
Printing
To print a data type, use the following syntax:
printf("`format_specifier`", val)
For example, to print a character followed by a double:
char ch = 'd';
double d = 234.432;
printf("%c %lf", ch, d);
Note: You can also use cin and cout instead of scanf and printf; however, if you are taking a million numbers as input and printing a million lines, it is faster to use scanf and printf.
Input Format
Input consists of the following space-separated values: int, long, char, float, and double, respectively.
Output Format
Print each element on a new line in the same order it was received as input. Note that the floating point value should be correct up to 3 decimal places and the double to 9 decimal places.
Sample Input
3 12345678912345 a 334.23 14049.30493
Sample Output
3 12345678912345 a 334.23 14049.30493
Explaination
Print int 3,
followed by long 12345678912345,
followed by char a,
followed by float 334.23,
followed by double 14049.30493.
Solution
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int a;
long b;
char c;
float d;
double e;
cin >> a >> b >> c >> d >> e;
printf("%d\n%ld\n%c\n%f\n%lf\n", a, b, c, d, e);
return 0;
}
Steps used in solving the problem -
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First, we included all header files.
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Then, we created a main function and declared five variables of different data types. We also used cin to read for every variable.
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At last we used printf function with different format specifiers to print integers, long integers, characters, single-precision floating-point numbers, and double-precision floating-point numbers, respectively.
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Note - printf function is used instead of cout to control the formatting of the output.
